Carl Rogers A Humanistic Approach - 1295 Words

Being self-centered refers to a person who is obsessed and preoccupied with his or her own affairs. This attitude comes across as a person most individuals would not want to encounter, yet there are some psychologists such as Carl Rogers, who believe that people needed to be self-centered. As a result he created what is known today as the self-centered theory. Carl Rogers believed that being self-centered is essential to the client’s personal growth of self-esteem. Rogers’s theory can be broken down into many steps. All of these steps help the main purpose of his work, self-concept. This theory consists of many components all starting with this basics of his approach. Carl Roger’s self-centered theory was accredited through a humanistic approach. A humanistic approach in psychology emphasizes empathy and stresses the greater good in an individual’s behavior. Carl Rogers is considered one of the founders to the humanistic approach in psychology. Rogers cons tructed his research through Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Maslow’s research on self-actualization was the point in a person’s life where he/she has overcome his/her difficulties and are able to move forward in life. This influenced Roger’s research he expanded what Maslow called self-actualization into a self-concept. This meant our self- concept was congruent with ideas about his/herself match his/her actual experiences. Carl Rogers not only had a humanistic approach, but he allowed the client full control ofShow MoreRelatedPsychodynamic And Humanistic Theories Of Psychology1634 Words   |  7 PagesPsychodynamic and Humanistic Personality Theories The study of the human mind is an interesting topic to discuss about, we have many theorists that have come up with many different ideas or theories, in how to evaluate the mind of humans, two main ways to study the mind in psychology are psychodynamic approach and humanistic approach. Even though these theories are to evaluate human minds they have different views in how the mind works. In psychodynamic approach, the way the mind is viewed is thatRead MoreHumanistic Theories Debate On Abraham Maslow And Carl Rogers1617 Words   |  7 Pages Humanistic Theories Debate Team B – Anthony Garcia, Becky Billison, Cher Keen, Britanie McKernan, Megan Groulx PSY/310 September 7, 2015 Dr. Sadie Fine â€Æ' Humanistic Theories Debate In the debate between Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers, both whom are humanistic theorists that share a mutual interest in the teachings of self-actualization, will discuss the specifics of their individual theories regarding the main points, their contributions, and the criticism they have received about their theoriesRead MoreBiological And Humanistic Concepts Of The Maslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1364 Words   |  6 PagesBiological and Humanistic Approaches to Personality In this paper, I will show you how Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers agreed on the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and also the biological and humanistic approach. â€Å"The hierarchy of needs theory remains valid today for understanding human motivation, management training, and personal development† (Orana, 2009). Maslow’s book Personality and Motivation was published in 1954 introducing his theory of the hierarchy of needs. Abraham Maslow AbrahamRead MoreExamining Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers Theories863 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction I hereby will be focusing on Humanistic Perspectives by examining Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers’s theories. I will examine their theories, by starting with Carl Rogers’s theory then Abraham Maslow’s theory. I will also evaluate the human perspectives and apply Abraham Maslow’s theory to my own life. Roger’s Person-centred Carl Roger was one of the founders of human potential movement, he agreed with the main assumptions of Maslow but he added that for an individual to grow they needRead MoreHumanistic Psychology Essay1631 Words   |  7 PagesThe focus of this paper is the person-centered approach, which is the understanding of personality and human relationships in psychotherapy and counseling in the areas of client-centered therapy, education of student-centered learning, organizations, and other group settings. Even though psychoanalysis and behaviorism have made major contributions to psychology, it has influenced the understanding and practices of the humanistic movement, specifically with the therapies for the different mental disordersRead MorePsychodynamic approach: the basics1202 Words   |  5 Pagespsychology that can be used to â€Å"understand† behaviour, two theories I am going to look at are; Psychodynamic approach and the humanistic approach. I will discuss these 2 psychologic al theories of development and explain how it accounts for the psychological development, health and behaviour of the individual. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) was considered the founding father of the psychodynamic approach. Psychodynamic theory is a view that explains personality in terms of conscious and unconscious forcesRead MoreAbraham Maslow And Carl Rogers872 Words   |  4 PagesHumanistic Key Figures: Just list the key people associated with the theory Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers Key Concepts of Personality Formation: This should be about two paragraphs discussing the key concepts of the theory and how they relate to personality development. Do not just list! Abraham Maslow developed a holistic theory. He believed that people have a set of basic needs that are prearranged in a hierarchical order. These needs will begging with biological need and would evolved to needsRead MoreSociology and Psychology 823 Words   |  4 Pagessense of the connections between history, biography and place (Mills 1959) Sociological imagination in relation to nursing practise enables a nurse to look beyond a common sense explanation of a patient and look at the development of a more critical approach to nursing. Looking at sociological imagination in partnership with the biomedical model as the biomedical model looks only at the patient’s physical health and it neglects the rest of the patient in a way. Looking at the patient as a whole offersRead MorePerson Centered Therapy : A Type Of Therapeutic Approach Essay1581 Words   |  7 Pagesearned his title, there have been many different approaches to how and what therapies are best to use when treatin g a range of clients. Freud, Erickson, Maslow, and Carl Rogers are some of the few that recognized an importance in a type of therapeutic approach. However, while each man has their own different take on therapeutic approach, the main thing that is unavoidable between them all is that the beginning of healing starts with self. Person Centered Therapy Person Centered Therapy, also recognizedRead MoreKey Concepts from the Three Roots of Counselling Essay1092 Words   |  5 Pagescounselling these are the Humanistic, Cognitive Behavioural (C.B.T) and Psychodynamic. Within this essay I want to identify and describe some of their key concepts starting with the Humanistic Approach. The Humanistic Approach or (Person Centred Therapy) began in the 1950’s due to theorists views that there were limitations within the prior two approaches of C.B.T and Psychodynamic. The two main theorists associated with this movement are Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers who believed that humans

Ethics, Ethics And Human Interaction - 857 Words

Introduction The question of morals, ethics and human interaction has fascinated our species in our entire history. The fact that most the myths and stories from ancient times and even the behavior of the Greek and Roman gods are all teaching ethical conduct, is an statement of the importance of this field. The word ethics is derived from the Greek word ethos (character), and from the Latin word mores (customs). Collectively, they combine to define how entities choose to interact with one another. In philosophy, ethics defines what is good for the individual and for society and establishes the nature of duties that people owe themselves and one another (Cornell University Law School, n.d.). Ethics in Business What is business ethics? As stated by International Business Ethics Institute, Comprehending business ethics could be problematic in the sense that, this field’s vastness, frequently including a large number of doubts for example corporate governance, social responsibility, reputation management, unfair work policies just to name some among others. Furthermore, business ethics in general addresses the entire scope of accountabilities and obligations that a company has to every single of its stakeholders like clients, employees, shareholders, suppliers and the public. To simply define business ethics, it is a form of applied ethics where it inculcates a sense within a company’s employees on how to conduct business responsibly (Hurst, 2004). Business ethics appearsShow MoreRelatedEthics : Ethics And Morality1476 Words   |  6 Pagespinpoint a single human universal on ethics and morality. Ethics among different cultures is so vast, even though every c ulture does have a standard for ethics which they live by. Although ethics is a broad human universal, there is no specific universal ethic. Each world religion holds a different ethic as their highest ethic; it is always a case by case basis. Theory: Ethics serve as an adaptive function in modern environment, more than ever. As society evolves, the standard of ethics also increasesRead MoreEssay On Virtue Ethics1160 Words   |  5 PagesVirtue Ethics: The ethics of being. This week in our course in Ethics lead us to the topic of Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics. Aristotle is thought of to be the first to write about the concept of Virtue Ethics, but humanity has realized its existence before Aristotle by just living their everyday life in society. The virtues of honesty, courage, and dependability were sought after in social interactions while their respective vices of dishonesty, cowardice, and unreliability were less attractive. In livingRead MoreReview of Aristotles Nichomachean Ethics1388 Words   |  6 Pages Aristole’s Nichomachean Ethics is a critically acclaimed piece of literature that has laid the framework for philosophy as we know it today. It is considered to be a historical piece that was the first to address ethics in a unified, clear, and concise manner. The book was translated by F. H. Peters with an introduction by Hye-Kyung Kim. Aristotle was one of the great early philosophers who ventured to speak to humans about how they conducted themselves as they related to others; however,Read More Karl Marx’s Views on Family Ethics Essay1177 Words   |  5 PagesKarl Marx’s Views on Family Ethics Karl Marx and Frederick Engels Karl Marx devoted much of his time to the study of morality, better known as ethics. Karl Marx was a firm believer in Communism and he authored the Communist Manifesto, along with Frederick Engels. Family ethics is an issue dealt with by Karl Marx in his teachings and writings. According to Marx and his co-author, Engels, morality is the slave of interest. Moral codes and ethics are believed to be dependentRead MoreThe Land Ethic By Aldo Leopold1055 Words   |  5 Pageschapter â€Å"The Land Ethic†, Leopold invokes a rethinking of our relationships to our world and is based on the principle that ethics are â€Å"a process in ecological evolution† (238). Leopold describes the stages of ethic evolving and explains that the rules for socializing were originally defined for human beings. These rules are expanded upon in the next stage of â€Å"Ethical Sequence† (237-238), describing how humans interact toward their community. The third stage is the ethics between humans and the land.Read MoreEthical Theories Of Normative Ethics1259 Words   |  6 PagesOver the last couple of weeks in Philosophy 103, we learned five theories concerning normative ethics: utilitarianism, duty ethics, virtue ethics, care ethics, and natural law ethics. While learning about those theories, I often thought about how the arguments for some theories included interesting ideas that I personally agreed with, but the methods of reasoning were somewhat lacking. Contrastingly, I encountered theories with arguments that were not thought-provoking ideas at first, but I becameRead More`` Erdogan, Putin, And Strongmen Ties That Bind904 Words   |  4 Pagestheorist approach, but she predominately questions like a constructivist: what does abstract terms and definitions mean, why do human beings behave in certain ways, how do these constructed definitions contribute to why certain social phenomena occur, and do constructivists have a certain ethical stan dpoint or are they prone to be in conflict of the definition of ethics because it is a constructed term? As constructivists are prone to, Applebaum is aware of the differences in definitions of abstractRead MoreHenry : What Are You Doing? Essay976 Words   |  4 Pagesknowledge. Henry: Tell me my dear Socrates, what you want to know? Socrates: Is there any difference between ethic and morality. This matter has been bothering me and I want to know your view about it. Henry: Socrates do you think there is any difference between ethics and morality? Socrates: Yes, but it seems the same to me my dear friend. Henry: â€Å"The most common way of defining ethics are norms for conduct that distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable behavior (Resnik, 2015).† It is doingRead MoreEthical Dilemmas Of The City Versus Rural Countryside Essay1105 Words   |  5 Pagesa role in the interaction of people every day. So what makes up a Society? Why do we gravitate towards certain groups of people? Why do we stay in certain areas of the United States, or choose to live in the city versus the rural countryside? The list of questions could go-on and on; nevertheless, how are these questions answered. That is where Sociology, which is, â€Å"the systematic study of the development, structure, interaction, and collective behavior of organized groups of human beings,† (2) andRead MoreExamining Structure Models for Ethics1113 Words   |  5 Pagesorganizations have witness a significant amount unethical conducts of corporation and individuals that have impacted stakeholders’ faith in the market. One the major ways organizations have attempted to circumvent unethical and legal misconduct is ethics auditing. Ethical auditing is used by corporation as mean to plan for ethical disasters, which in all likelihood would result in considerable legal and financial expenses and interfere with normal operation of the business including its staff, efficiency

Tally Free Essays

TALLY . ERP9 FEATURES Advantages of Tally. ERP 9: †¢ Powerful remote capabilities that boost collaboration †¢ Easy to find qualified personnel †¢ Easy to customize †¢ Low cost of ownership via quick implementation, Tally Integrator, Support Centre†¦ Functions Features: Accounting All your accounting requirements are supported and more. We will write a custom essay sample on Tally or any similar topic only for you Order Now Accounting, also known as bookkeeping, is the recording and classifying of financial transactions into the books of accounts and associated registers. Let us look at the some of the ‘needs’ for which businesses maintain books of accounts: †¢ To fulfill legal requirements – records as per standards and practices †¢ To pay taxes to various bodies – statutory needs †¢ Keep the business running – manage receivables payable, cash, bank†¦ †¢ Keep a watch on the pulse of the organization – key performance indicators †¢ Respond to queries – to locate the right transaction immediately We have been perfecting this ‘simple’ recording – accounting – from over twenty years. All this to deliver better, faster and more flexible ways to fulfill your needs, not just maintain books of accounts. A few examples will illustrate: †¢ With the entry of a voucher (this is what we call all accounting transactions) all books of accounts, all reports, all totals sub-totals are updated instantly. There is nothing more that needs to be done – whether you are inserting a forgotten entry, or correcting one †¢ Taxation requirements of all the states of India are available, in the prescribed formats †¢ Supporting tasks like reminder letters, delayed interest, ageing, bank reconciliation †¢ One single dashboard to look at all important business ratios †¢ Drill down from any report, even the Balance Sheet, right to any voucher or filter and search †¢ Data entry in the language of the users choice – and report in any other language (from the languages supported) †¢ Mark vouchers that are draft as ‘optional’ and convert these to final- with one button click Financial Management Controls Tally. ERP 9 comes with rich features financial reports that give you the necessary management and control of your business. A few of these are listed below: †¢ Funds Flow Cash Flow reports – help you ocate bottlenecks †¢ Bank reconciliation – keeps your bank books in sync, and identify unclear instruments †¢ Customer Credit Limits – to limit risk of default and large losses †¢ Budgets – keep tabs on projected expenses against actuals †¢ Mark vouchers postdated – these will reflect into the books of accounts only on/after that date †¢ For needs where reports have to consider a transaction that has not happened (say salaries for this month that get paid the next month) vouchers (called ‘reversing journals’) can be marked to ‘disappear’ for reports post a specific date †¢ â€Å"Scenario† management – helps you with your business forecasting and planning. You can use optional, reversing journals and memorandum vouchers, to aid in recording provisional entries that are useful for interim reports †¢ Multiple inventory valuation. You can decide one valuation method for the business, and be able generate financial reports using any other valuation method – as the statutory method may not be appropriate for your needs, your bankers and for other decisions †¢ Cash balances can go negative – you can get warned if this is about to happen, or see reports and make the necessary corrections Several business exceptions are available (negative stocks, negative ledgers) – for you to exercise control over these activities †¢ A one-screen business ratios with drill down right up to the transactions – help you to correct course frequently †¢ Item wise document wise profitability statements to control revenue leakage and inappropriate pricing †¢ Internal audits are supported with audit controls – authorized users can mark vouchers as ‘audited’ and can get to see reports on changes made post audit, and the name of the person making the change Inventory Accounting Management If you deal in goods, of any type, you’ll appreciate the I nventory capabilities in Tally. ERP 9. You can comprehensively record all types of inventory transactions, using goods receipt notes, delivery notes, stock journals, manufacturing journals and physical stock journals. All stock movements are fully recorded and maintained in stock registers. Developed for all manufacturers, distributors, wholesalers or traders a small list of features are briefly described below: Manufacturers: †¢ Bill of materials and Manufacturing Journals, to record material conversions †¢ Compound bill of materials support, for units that contain assemblies †¢ Multiple locations (go downs) †¢ Excise for manufacturers, including all documentation and invoice †¢ Costing for jobs Distributors ; Wholesalers: †¢ Multiple price lists, with effective dates of applicability †¢ Use multiple units of measure (say KG’s grams) †¢ Dual units of measure (say KG’s and bags, to support variations as happens in commodities) Traders: †¢ High speed billing, with support for POS printers †¢ Bar code support †¢ Automatic application of taxes †¢ Service billing ; service tax †¢ Integrated sales return in bills †¢ Print bills (and any other document) in the customers language Common: †¢ You can choose to de-link the computed inventory value to automatically appear in your financial statements – and enter this figure manually. †¢ Stock ageing reports, to identify slow and non-moving stocks †¢ Invoice profitability reports to keep a pulse on sales †¢ Multi-currency transactions – buy and sell across the world – with integrated forex gain/loss calculations †¢ Physical stock tak e records to adjust physical vs. actual stocks †¢ Maintain batch ; expiry details Purchases ; Payable’s: from Order to Payment Tally. Read also Recording General Fund Operating Budget and Operating Transactions ERP 9 delivers the entire purchase cycle whether the need is the complete purchase order goods receipt – rejections returns – advances, debits payments or a single payment entry, fulfilling all needs. To ensure that you have the right stocks and minimize carrying costs, Tally. ERP 9 delivers the following to improve purchase orders: †¢ Define Re-order levels as a definite number or based on consumption †¢ Define minimum quantity to order as a definite number or based on consumption †¢ Pull up a report that shows the stock position, including complete details of open purchase orders, sales orders that need to be fulfilled – check on past purchase history, and then place orders †¢ Optionally stagger delivery dates in the PO When receiving goods: †¢ Make entries in accordance with supporting documentation, including errors your suppliers could have made (say of multiplication round off) †¢ Incorporate additional costs †¢ Automatically manage input taxes †¢ Flexibility allows receipt of goods, quantities and rates different from that ordered – since this is common in real life †¢ Record samples free items (using different ‘actual’ ‘billed’ quantities) †¢ Multiple receipts for one order or one receipt for multiple orders, or against verbal orders In case there is a need to add other costs (say coolie and cartage) these additional charges can be apportioned to the cost of goods purchased. Supplied goods may not match your needs and these are managed by the ‘Rejections Out’ inventory voucher. Supplier dues, input taxes and inventory positions are updated. Suppliers often indicate likely profits, which may not be met. In case such assurances are made, you can look at Item profitability reports, and get the facts right. You could then negotiate a rebate and record this as a debit note. Keep tabs of how much is due to whom, when. Manage advances, payable s postdated checks. Ensure there are no errors in payments – print checks from Tally. ERP 9. Sales Receivables: from Order to Receipt The lifeline of a business, efficiencies in sales operations, both of goods services, directly impact growth and profitability. The need to optimize and keep a close watch here requires exceptional capabilities from your business IT system – and Tally. ERP 9 meets these demands. The sales process is supported with the following documents: †¢ Quotations – records of quotes †¢ Sales orders – accepted customer orders †¢ Deliver Notes – documents that accompany goods †¢ Sales Invoices/Cash Bill – to record the sale †¢ Credit Notes – for financial adjustments †¢ Rejections in – for goods returns †¢ Receipts – for advances and receipts Do you have cash sales (sales across the counter)? With support for Point of Sale printers, bar codes and receipts in multiple tenders, you POS enable your business at no additional cost. Product sales may come with added services – and the integrated product service billing will close this. Enforce credit limits, where needed. Along with the Payment Performance of Debtors report you can identify persistent problems and take necessary business decisions. Interest for delays reminder letters aid in collection. For businesses engaged in Excisable goods, you get full support for Excise for Traders Manufacturing Excise – matter of fact a business could be both! Make multiple deliveries from one order, or one from multiple orders – this common need is available across all documents of the sales process. Do you have multiple classes of customers? You can easily setup multiple prices (even in advance and specify the date from which they are effective). Discounts against the line, or for the document, additional charges as a percentage or lump sum, automatic round off of bill totals, automatic computation of VAT Service tax, returns exchanges are all available. Need to verify that you are making the desired sales margins? Item wise and bill wise profitability reports will help you keep tabs. Multi-company A set of account books represents a ‘company’ in Tally. ERP 9. Therefore, if you decide to maintain your personal accounts you would create a ‘company’. Many businesses do have more than one legal entity – and so will require multi-company support. Since each company is a distinct ‘data base’, building technical support for this is not difficult. However, with multiple companies, several needs often arise beyond the mere facility to record transactions that need to be addressed,. Principally, you would like to look at consolidated reports since these are often more meaningful to you than statutory reports of each company individually. You can therefore ‘group’ companies and have the reporting ability as if this were a ‘company’. You could also ‘group’ these on demand or as required. So Partner A, could group companies in which he is a partner (say Companies P, Q ; R) and Partner B could have a group with Companies Q, R ; Y. With multiple companies, you would probably need to compare them to see relative figures. In Tally. ERP 9, while seeing a report for Company P, you could pull up another column alongside that shows figures from Company Q (and any more companies). You can now continue to drill down the report and continue to see these comparisons. Quiet often with multiple companies, the need arises to create the same ledgers ; post transactions to more than one company. This can be accomplished with the click of a few keys – you save immense time by not having to re-enter data and avoid data entry errors. In special circumstances, where there are needs like a Purchase Order entry becoming a Sales Order in another company, our Service Partners will be able to work with you, understand specific requirements and build a solution around the Data Synchronization capability. Security: With multiple companies, possibly including personal accounts, you may need to control who gets access to which companies, and to do what. You can set up users, grant or deny access and these are defined for each company. Remote Access: You choose to specify which company is accessible remotely. You choose which remote users have access; you decide what access a remote user gets. Central User Management: Users come and go. You might also have a password policy requiring users to change passwords every few weeks. You can take advantage of the ease of central user and password management that Tally. NET identities carry – and even remotely manage these while not in office. Multi-Period A ‘financial year’ is truly suited to business reporting and statutory needs. In reality, business spans across financial years, so ‘real needs’ get constrained by these financial periods. As an example, receivables (Sundry Debtors) is an area that is frequently plagued by ‘confusion’ the need to send reminders, resend statements of accounts and persistent follow up – may require that you need to look at figures from date ‘x’ to date ‘y’ – and one or more financial periods can be between these two dates. With Tally. ERP 9, you can specify any date range and perform any operation that you need to. Comparison of Periods, say Q2 this year vs. Q2 last year, often required for shareholder and statutory reporting are easily accomplished. You may also need to break up periods into smaller chunks, instead of the ‘year’. While looking at the reports, you can instantly view them broken into periods of your choice (daily, monthly, quarterly etc). For studying trends, locating unusual figures, or comparing activities for different periods, this is invaluable. Take the case of budgets. Say for a five year long project – and for various ledgers you need to have a budget set up for five years, another for each year, another two that are 2 ? years†¦ you can setup such budgets, and compare budget vs. actual for any! In effect you can ‘zoom out’ as well as ‘zoom in’ to any period of your choice. Any changes made or a transaction inserted anytime, are instantly carried forward – no matter how far back these are made (from a security standpoint, you might need to restrict data entry or hanges to transactions prior to a specific date – this is available via the User security control features). Multi-Cost/Profit Centers As a business transacting in multiple curr encies, you will appreciate the effortless usability of Tally. ERP in this area. Say, you make purchases from a supplier, and transact in a currency different (say $) from that of your base currency (say INR). You’d like to keep track of the dollars due, as well as the $ amounts due for each bill. This way you get to know your foreign currency requirements as well as cross check the accounts in $. At the same time you would want to see outstanding and other financial reports in INR. Since this figure depends on the exchange rate as on the date of the report, generating these are time consuming. With Tally. ERP 9 all reports are generated automatically – all that is needed is that the forex rates be available for reference. Foreign exchange gain loss entries are ‘posted’ automatically (as a notional entry), whenever any report is taken. The day you decide to make these entries regular (say end of the financial year) you can post the required accounting Journal (with software assistance). Importers and exporters maintain bank, customer other accounts in foreign currencies (like the example of the supplier) – you can maintain these in any currency required. As a branch or subsidiary of a foreign entity, or for reporting, you may need to generate reports in a currency other than the base, at some exchange rate. This capability is available across all reports. You may need to compare companies having different base currencies – switch one company to use the currency of the other, or switch them both to a third! Basically, every amount field in a Tally. ERP 9 voucher is multi-currency enabled. This allows you to conduct business in ways that manual systems permit and most IT systems fail to provide. It is possible for a supplier to, say, send a quote for items in INR, some in US$ and some in â‚ ¬. Multi-units Most businesses will use several units of measure, even if the belief that just one (pieces) is used. Take purchases – you could order in the units you are comfortable with, and you receive goods in a different unit – for e. g. , order in Pcs, receive in KG’s. Similarly you could record sales in the units that your customer is comfortable with. The flexibility of this ‘compound’ unit of measures is to ensure that Tally. ERP 9 does not get in the way of your way of working. Like in the case of multi-currency, every quantity field is inherently multi-unit ready. Some commodities, say cotton, have ‘peculiar’ problems – the unit of stock used for this commodity is ‘bales’, yet trade is in Kg’s. With changes in weather, cotton looses or gains weight due to changes in moisture content. If you used Kg’s for your records, you would loose the ability to manage stock count and stock take of bales; if you used bales, you would have a mismatch in the actual quantity transacted. This problem is compounded in real life – since each bale carries a different weight of cotton. With Tally. ERP 9 you can manage all these, with the support for multiple units of measure. Now, you can record both units in transactions – Kg’s and bales at the same time. Stock valuation will be done in Kg’s; inventory count can be managed in bales! You receive some supplies – the Invoice shows 5 Pcs. and the actual count shows 6 Pcs.! Were you to enter your receipt as 6 Pcs. there will be a mismatch with the voucher and physical document which will result in an audit objection. Entering as 5 Pcs. would mean that one piece is not recorded†¦ Tally. ERP 9 supports ‘actual’ and ‘billed’ quantities – thus delinking the invent ory count from the financial impact of the transaction. With this you can also receive and deliver free samples and manage the many variations that occur now and then. Therefore compound units, alternate units and billed/actual quantities should deliver the capabilities needed for most, if not all, of your requirements. Multi-Location Inventory Even the simplest of organizations will have inventory in more than one physical location. As organizations get bigger, inventory will require active ‘management’ with more warehouses (go downs, as we call it in India), racks ; shelves and stocks at project locations. Take the case of multiple sales outlets, each with one go down. Each purchases items at different prices and sells them over time. You need to take a call on the value of stocks at each of these outlets as if they were independent units – and not apply the company average. With Tally. ERP 9, each outlet will act as an independent unit from a costing perspective. Sales from each outlet will reflect the appropriate cost, and not the company average (which can skew profitability of both outlets). Seen at the company level, the cost behavior ignores these go downs – making reports and financial analysis appropriate at that level. Go downs can contain go downs – to allow management to the bin level. For various jobs (projects) and sub-jobs, the use of go downs and cost centers in Tally. ERP 9 give a high level of reporting and analysis – on inventory and financial aspects of jobs. Multi-Budgets ; Scenarios Budgets are a measure of the results expected for the planned activities for a company. Whether you formally plan budgets or not, you will be working against several budgets – Revenue, Production, Expense, Financial, Investment and so on. Once these budgets are recorded, you would periodically want to check up how your business measures up against this plan. And once you get a handle on the variance, you would probably take decisions on course corrections – record possible outcomes of these changes (as scenarios) and compare against the budgets once again. This is a powerful planning mechanism that provides the flexibility to work in a changing /dynamic environment. With Tally. ERP 9, you can set up any number of budgets – and to make this easy, budgets can roll up into ‘group’ budgets and these can roll up again into ‘master’ budgets: the people who come up with the budgets can make entries and the roll-up is automatic (and can be overridden at the rolled up level as well). While viewing any report, you can choose to pull up the budgeted figures as well, along with a variance column. You could just as easily pull up budget figures alone – and make these available to various people. A ‘scenario’ is the name given to a specific combination of vouchers that will be included to deliver a report – you can include and exclude different voucher types and build as many scenarios as needed – say one where a product launch is on time and another where it is delayed by three months. You could then view actual figures against a scenario. You could also see the variance between a scenario and the budget! Budgets and Scenarios are powerful tools when used by themselves; used together they deliver unprecedented power to help plan ; monitor your business. TALLY REPORTING ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Modifying Reports (Options) Balance Sheet Profit ; Loss Account Stock Summary Trial Balance Day Book Cash Book Petty Cash Book Bank Book Journal Register Ledger Purchase Register Sales Register Ledger-wise Outstanding Reports Interest Receivable Interest Payable Cost Category Summary Statistics Stock Transfers Stock Valuation Methods BOM – Cost Estimate Daily Balance of Cash/Bank Book Stock Query Negative Stock Item Movement Analysis Stock Ageing Analysis Multi-Column Cash Book Purchase Register-Extract Sales Register-Extract Cash Flow Summary Funds Flow Summary Budgets Overdue Receivable Overdue Payable Age-wise Receivable Negative Ledger Debit Note Register Credit Note Register Reminder Letter Confirmation Letter ? Comparative Profit and Loss Account ? Vertical Balance Sheet with Working Capital ? Comparative Quarterly Balance Sheet ? Income ; Expenditure Statement How to cite Tally, Papers

Travel Essays free essay sample

This program is for people who are new to the company and who want to start off on the right track and ally make it a success, with as much speed and positive outcome as possible. Before we get started with the program, Ive got to tell you a little bit about where Im coming from on this, because Im not involved with the Amazon Herb company in any way, and this program is not approved or endorsed by the company. Rather, Im an independent health Journalist and researcher.I write about nutritional supplements, health products, and personal health transformation. I reach an audience of well over 500,000 readers a month, with articles and information about how they can take hare of their health, overcome chronic disease and create a new health outcome. Im doing this program because I got really excited about the Amazon Herb Company solely in terms of its products ability to help people heal. At the same time, I have a history as an entrepreneur; in fact, my background is that of a software company executive.I founded a company called Arial Software in 1993, and grew it to a multimillionaire business using no capital whatsoever. I Just funded it out of a few dollars in my pocket I had at the time, and I grew it to be one of the most successful impasses in the email marketing software industry today. We have clients like Microsoft, Hewlett Packard, Intuit, MAD, Texas Instruments and a long list of other Fortune 500 firms. So, I know what it takes to be a successful marketer, I know how to create business success on a shoestring; and at the same time, Im well educated about health, nutrition and disease prevention.At the same time, I want you to know that whether or not you succeed in the Amazon Herb Company doesnt financially benefit me in any way. I only gain from the idea that if you do succeed, you are doing important to me, you wont enrich me financially. So, I want you to know that m coming from a place of wanting to see you succeed in the business for all the right reasons, and not Just because it helps me in any particular way. Why youre in this business With that said, let me offer a strange idea: I know why youre in this business. I already know it and I havent even met you.How do I know it? Because everybodys in this business for the same reason, and thats to experience a healing. Let me explain what that means: Some people need to be healed physically. They might be battling a chronic disease; they might be dealing with a difficult emotional tuition. Other people need what I would call a financial healing; they have financial scars from what I might describe as disharmony with money in their lives and theyre turning to this opportunity mostly from a financial sense. Other people are looking for both.They want to heal their career, in a sense, by shifting out of some Job they dont enjoy and into a new revenue stream that can support them financially, doing something they really enjoy. Thats healing as well. So, whether its at the physical, financial or emotional level, or even at an energetic level, were all in this because we ant to experience a healing. Many are involved in this because we want to share healing with others, and thats certainly the reason why Im writing this guide. Ive also noticed similar motivations in many of the other distributors within the Amazon Herb Company.They want to share healing experiences and help heal those around them while they heal themselves. Feel good about doing well By the way, theres nothing wrong with being in this business to make some money. Ive worked with a lot of people in the natural health community over the years including herbalists, healers, nutritionists. .. ND a fascinating pattern Ive noticed is that people tend to devalue their time and not give themselves enough financial credit or enough monetary reward for what theyre doing. They tend to devalue their contribution to those around them.There is absolutely nothing wrong with doing well for yourself by doing some good. I think each and every one of us deserves to be financially wealthy, but there are many other forms of wealth that are far more important. For example, the wealth of being able to give to others, the wealth of emotional and physical health, or the wealth of knowledge and experience you can ass on to others. These are forms of wealth I consider to be even more important. Of course, you may be coming from a position where financial wealth is the main challenge in your life right now, and theres nothing wrong with that.That can be a great reason to experience a healing transformation. This is certainly a vehicle in which you can accomplish that goal; in fact, its probably one of the easiest ways to do everything over again as an entrepreneur, I would very much enjoy being a distributor of the Amazon Herb Company. It truly a fantastic company to work with. A smart business model on a silver platter You know, its easy to overlook how much the company does for you. Essentially, all youve have to do is to share the word and be a teacher. Help replicate success from the people who introduced it to you, and through your own success, introduce it to new people you will teach. Thats much easier than reinventing everything from scratch. I know when I launched my software company I had to spend a lot of time and money developing products, and over the years Ive probably spent millions of dollars on product development. Thats an investment you have to keep making over and over again. It can be very difficult to organize all of that and make it effective. However, with the Amazon Herb Company, all of it has been done for you.Its almost like theyve handed you an opportunity on a silver platter and its really Just up to you to make it work. So, lets get started with the three steps so you can begin to make it work, because, I think youll find this is actually easier than you may have imagined. Step 1: Be your own testimonial Step number one is to be your own testimonial. That is: be your own example of what these herbs can do for people, and that means using the products yourself. I know this sounds obvious, but sometimes people Just want to sell their products and not really experience the life-changing health benefits of them.Maybe they dont have the courage to take the products and try them out, or to really change their life in terms of food intake and physical exercise; maybe they dont enjoy the taste of some of those herbs, so theyre afraid to really commit to the daily quantities necessary for a positive change. But I encourage you to really get into the products. Find ways to make them work in your life and then observe what happens in your own body, hysterically, emotionally and energetically; because you will undoubtedly experience a phenomenal shift in your health. You will experience a transformation.It is inevitable, because these products deliver such potent healing nutrients and energies that they cant help but alter your level of health. If you Just tune in to whats happening in your body and become an observer of your body, you will notice some phenomenal changes taking place. Start with a health inventory Its important to keep track of these changes, and to do that you also want to know products, take an inventory of where you are in terms of health. Write down your rent level of physical health, what symptoms you might be suffering from, if you have any Joint pain or if you have difficulty antagonizing dietary sugars.Have you been given a disease label by a doctor such as diabetes, cancer, heart disease or some other disorder? Have you been diagnosed with some kind of behavioral or cognitive disorder such as Attention Deficit Disorder, Alchemists or even dementia? Write these down so you have a list you can look back on. Why is this im portant? One of the things Ive noticed with people is when they experience a health transformation, they often forget where they came from. The transformation doesnt necessarily happen overnight, and because the change is gradual, we tend to forget how miserable things were when we started.So, its important to record your starting point so you can look back and compare your results. Some other things to record at your starting point are: Any prescription drugs you might be taking, any blood chemistry results you have, such as your OLD cholesterol level or your total cholesterol numbers. Just get a complete lab work-up and make this your starting point profile. Its also important to note whether or not you have any emotional difficulties; do you find youre moody sometimes? Do you have difficulty controlling anger?Do you feel depressed sometimes? Write these down and make them part of your starting point. If it gets depressing reviewing all of these conditions you might be suffering from right now, I have some good news for you: These are about to disappear. These are going to be taken care of. If youre like most people, youre going to experience such positive results from these herbs, many of these symptoms will outright vanish. Now, that doesnt mean these herbs are going to cure every disease out there. It depends on your particular circumstances.If youre in advanced, ate-stage cancer for example, and your doctor has only given you two months to live, thats very different than trying to prevent the onset of cancer in the first place. Cancer, like most diseases, is far easier to prevent than to reverse. Write down your health goals So, take this inventory first. Then write down where youd like to be, and dont be afraid to ask, in a sense, for an outcome you wish to experience. What kind of outcome do you want? Do you want your body weight to be at a certain level? Do you want to reduce your body fat to a certain level?How about your cholesterol numbers, or your blood pressure? Do you want to get off certain prescription drugs so you dont have to depend on them to regulate symptoms in your body; so you dont have the financial cost of buying those prescription drugs each and every month? Do you desire stable moods? Do you desire to feel more grounded and more in touch with yourself and others? What kind of emotional state do you desire? You should write all of these things down as well, and this could include things like, l want to prevent pain. I want certain pains to go away. Maybe you want to increase your level of on life. It could be any number of things. So, lets review this. You should have two lists at this point. You have one list thats a starting point; an inventory of all of the negative health symptoms you may be experiencing. I want you to write a title on the top of that list, and I want that title to be Distortions. Because this is a list of distortions, these are distortions of your state of health. As youll find later, theyre also distortions of other important things that will also be improved by taking the Amazon Herb products.Then, you have another list of where you want to be; the health outcome you want to achieve. This should be a list of all of the health statistics oh want; essentially the entire state of health you want to achieve. On top of that list I want you to write your name. Just your name. You should associate you-?who you are-?with that list. That list is really who you are. That list describes the kind of human being you were designed to be. You were designed to be a being of perfect health, and you have the DNA for perfect health built in to you. Your DNA is the strongest of the lot.It has survived hundreds of thousands of generations, it has survived tough times and environmental challenges and it has thrived to the point where you are today. You have a blueprint for perfect health inside of you right now and thats who you really are. So, the health outcome you listed there is really you. Anything that distorts it, such as a disease, a pain or a dysfunction, is Just that: A distortion. It is a deviation from who you truly are. As you will see in this program, part of the healing transformation that takes place with the Amazon Herb Company is to really get in touch with yourself and return to who you truly are.You are a being who deserves to be truly healthy, wealthy, rewarded, recognized, loved for your contributions and who deserves to have a positive outlook on life. Thats exactly what you can accomplish with this program. Recognize the steps required for transformation So, now you have an outcome goal. This is where you want to be. Take a moment to recognize its going to take a little bit of time to get there. Your body must have time to adapt and return to a state of natural health. How are you going to get to that state?Youre going to start taking the Amazon Herb products. This is going to require some product knowledge, so you want to start studying the products and learn which ones are especially useful for your particular challenges. Then, find ways to integrate them into your life. Youre going to take the first steps of that Journey toward rediscovering the healthy you thats been inside all along. Start using the products, because these products can help eliminate distortions and bring you back into harmony with who you are. Thats the big definition of what they do.We can get into all the biochemistry, the energies of the plants, the specific nutrients, we can get really scientific with it if we want to (which I do in other reports), but the big picture is: These products eliminate distortion and bring you back to who you are. Various quite frankly, poisoning peoples bodies and minds. If youre absorbing poison through your large intestine, its going to create a negative mental state. So, by taking Freeborn you can improve peristaltic action and improve your digestive health, and get those toxins out of your body on a regular basis.Some of the products will enhance your immune system function, making you more resistant to invaders like viruses, bacteria and fungi. Other products will improve digestion. Still others provide amino acids, vitamins, minerals, photochemical and nutrients; all the things your body needs to be healthy but may have been lacking up until now. So, by using the products youre going to automatically start moving yourself forward on that health transformation Journey to rediscover yourself. My personal health transformation I have to interject a quick story about my own health transformation.When I grew up, I was a very unhealthy person. I ate the standard American diet: Lots of sugars, lots of unhealthy foods and lots of fast foods. I didnt take nutritional supplements and I didnt know anything about herbs. I was taught that disease was a matter of luck or genetics; if your parents had heart disease, you were going to have heart disease. If your parents had diabetes, you were going to have diabetes. This is what I believed for many, many years. By the time I was 30 years old, I was in a very poor state of health.Even though Id made a lot of money and was doing well financially, I was near diabetic, borderline obese, depressed and I suffered from severe, chronic back pain that was quite debilitating. Again, I believed it was all Just genetics and luck, and thought there was very little I could do about it. Then I began to educate myself and make some changes. I began to take responsibility for my own health, in the same ay you are now taking responsibility for yours, and I began to understand it was possible for me to take charge of my health outcome. I didnt have to live with those diseases for the rest of my life.The path was not set in stone, I could alter it. In fact, I came up with the crazy, wacky idea maybe I could achieve a state of perfect health in two years or less. Maybe I could reverse the diabetes, the obesity, the chronic back pain, the mental state problems; I could reverse all that and actually be a perfectly healthy human being. I had this weird, wacky idea, and I talked about it with some doctors. They said I was crazy. So, I fired them, and I decided to teach myself. Thats when I began studying nutrition, food toxicology and the true causes of healing.To date, Ive spent more than 5,000 hours studying this information and applying it in my own life. And what have the results been? I visited my naturopath physician a few months ago. He did a complete work up, a complete lab chemistry test and a variety of other tests and he pronounced me one of the healthiest individuals he had ever seen. He said I was in a perfect state of health. He couldnt find a single thing wrong with me and he was absolutely astonished. He said to me, Mike, whatever Ive been doing, keep doing it! Its working. Thats when I knew I had really healthy, vibrant, energetic and successful person.Thats who I rediscovered. Everything I had in the past was Just a distortion. Anything that wasnt healthy was a distortion. Those distortions were caused by my belief in conventional medicine. My belief then was: Bad health is bad luck, or your genes are responsible for it. What a convenient way to blame our parents for our own health problems, huh? Your beliefs determine your health outcome I was able to eliminate those distortions through nutrition, health responsibility, orbs, superfluous and many other strategies. The most important distortions I eliminated were the distortions in my own beliefs.Those beliefs were causing the diseases; the belief that health was not in my hands. Anytime you believe you dont have a say in your health outcome you are automatically a victim, and theres nothing you can do about it, because youre taking on a victim mentality. I challenge you to say that you are in charge of your health outcome from this day forward. If a guy like me, whos now 35 years old, can go from a state of chronic disease to perfect health sing nothing but good nutrition, supplements and exercise, maybe you can do it too. Lets get technical about this for a minute. You and I share 99. 9 percent of the same genetic code.We are almost identical genetically. So, how can it possibly be that genes are responsible for disease? They arent. If genes were responsible for disease then we would all have 99. 9 percent of the same diseases, and yet we dont. Some people are extremely healthy, other people are chronically diseased. The difference is what you choose to do. The difference is your foods; whether or not you treat yourself o medicinal herbs and superegos supplements; whether or not you get sunshine; whether or not you drink enough water and whether or not you choose to expose yourself to toxic food and environmental substances such as household cleaners.Thats the difference. Begin your own Journey of health transformation So, now you know the Journey is possible. Others have done it. Now its time for you to begin that Journey, and you do that by becoming your own best customer. This is where were wrapping up point number one: By becoming your own best customer, by walking down that road yourself, you become your own best testimonial. Now you start to achieve, one by one, all of those health outcomes you desire.Youll be able to look back at your list and say, Oh, heres where I came from, heres all the things I used to have wrong with me, heres all the prescription drugs I used to take and all the aches and pains I used to have. Now, look where I am today! This ones gone, Im not on that drug any more, I didnt even remember that one, that ones not even an issue anymore and so on. Youll Just go right on down the list and say, Wow! Look how much Ive accomplished! What that does is spark a fire inside A passion. .. He kind of passion that you might read in my words right now.A passion that says, This stuff really works, and its working for me. Its transforming my life. That is the point where you become your own best testimonial. Then you cant help but share the information with others around you. When you talk about the products, you can talk about them with a passion. With personal experience youll be able to talk about what they did for you. In fact, you might find you cant stop talking about what they did for you, because it gets pretty exciting to learn you can be a perfectly health individual even if you were n a state of chronic disease. Thats exciting stuff.Thats earth-shattering stuff if you ask me, because most people still dont believe it. How to automatically attract new customers You can be your own testimonial by living this transformation first-hand and then sharing it with others. What youll notice is people will start approaching you automatically. As your health improves, people will notice and start asking you about it. Theyll say, Hey, what are you doing? You look so much more vibrant, your skin looks healthier, your energy looks up, the way you walk and move is Just so much leather, you have so much more bounce in your step and you look younger. They will ask you these questions, and gee, what a great way to start talking about the Amazon Herb products and introduce this person to your health transformation (and the success of the products that helped you along that path). The answer is, Well, heres what I did: I learned about these fantastic products from the rainforests and I started taking them. They made a huge difference in my life. Ive improved significantly and Ive been able to eliminate these symptoms and be declared disease free. You can then go on to mention all of the health milestones youve been able to achieve. Or, if you really want to drive people crazy when they come up and ask you what youve been doing, tell them that you cant share the secret yet; that youre working with a company on some new products, youve been trying them out and theyre doing some incredible things for you, but you cant tell them about it yet. When they start begging you to tell them, you can say, Okay, but you have to keep this a secret Thatll drive them crazy, because people really want information they ant have, especially if they think you have some sort of secret.Actually you do have a secret, because very few people know about this. The secret is that these products can dramatically improve the quality of life of every human being. If you really want to experience success with this endeavor, transform your own health to the point where you look like you had a complete makeover, but you did it all through nutrition, herbs and internal transformation. Your skin tone will look different, your eyes will look brighter, everything about you will be noticeably different, and people will start asking you why.

Black Boy Essay Essay Research Paper English free essay sample

Black Boy Essay Essay, Research Paper English 9/23/01 Discrimination against Black and White persons ( try topic # 8 ) This narrative, Black Boy is a great book that describes how the writer, Richard Wright, suffered in the South of the United States during the clip when there was still a batch of favoritism throughout the state. Since the writer explained many of his atrocious experiences in the yesteryear, this book can non be written in a thin book. This thick book is full of his great experiences that wanted to be read by many people in the universe in order to allow everybody cognize the catastrophes of racism. This racism affected Richard Write a batch and he had to accommodate to the environment that he was in, although he didn # 8217 ; t cognize how he should move in forepart of white people in the beginning of the narrative. There are non many illustrations in the beginning of the narrative since Richard was a small male child, and he still didn # 8217 ; t know about racism. We will write a custom essay sample on Black Boy Essay Essay Research Paper English or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He did cognize that something was different between black and Whites, but he wasn # 8217 ; t able to understand it since he was excessively immature. He even talks to himself in Pg. 49 that # 8220 ; I had heard that coloured people were killed and beaten, but so far it all had seemed distant. There was, of class, a obscure edginess about it all, but I would be able to manage that when I came to it. It would be simple. If anybody tried to kill me, so I would kill them first. # 8221 ; After this, he realized the abrasiveness of racism around his society when Uncle Hoskins got shot by a white adult male when he was at the barroom. And the ground is merely because a black adult male was gaining a batch of money and the white adult male became covetous. Besides after this scene, there is an another illustration in Pg. 172 where he met his schoolmate, Ned Greenley who had lost his brother since the Whites shot him for a specific ground. Ned said, # 8220 ; Th-they said he was gulling w ith a white cocotte at that place in the hotel. # 8221 ; Richard was shocked since he could be in those sorts of state of affairss at any clip. Richards starts to believe of truly traveling to North shortly as possible now. In Chapter nine, there is a scene that is truly rough where Richard sees it, but could make nil. This scene is at the vesture shop for black people where Richard worked. The black employees were treated like slaves in the shop ; the white proprietors would force, kick, or slap the inkinesss. Although Richard saw this scene many times, he neer got used to it. Another large thing is the clip when Richard sees a black adult female acquiring raped by two white work forces. This is a portion from the book that describes how evil this clip of period was. On Pg. 179, it says, â€Å"White people passed and looked on without look. A white police officer watched from the corner, swirling his dark stick ; but he made no move. I watched out of the corner of my eyes, but I neer slackened the shots of my chammy upon the brass. After a minute or two I heard sharp shrieks coming from the rear room of the shop ; subsequently the adult female stumbled out, shed blooding, shouting, keeping her tummy, her vesture torn. When she reached the pavement, the police officer met her, grabbed her, accused her of being rummy, called a patrol waggon and carted her away.† When I read this scene, it truly ache my bosom. I couldn’t believe that the constabulary didn’t do anything at all and although the policeman knew that the black adult female was raped, he accused her of being drunken. Richard could hold thought of salvaging the adult female, but if he did something to the Whites, he could be killed. Theref ore, Richard wasn’t able to make anything. All he could make was to experience sorry for the lady. This doesn’t mean that Richard didn’t concern about the adult female, it was the manner how he had to move in the South. After Richard realizes the societal rhythm between the Whites and the inkinesss at his work topographic point, he sacrifices his ethical motives to salvage more money. He begins to bootleg spirits to sell to white cocottes in the hotel that he worked at. After that, he involves in a ring for scamming tickets. Then, he rapidly amasses adequate money to travel out to the North. Although Richard was working earnest, he quits it because it was really difficult to roll up money if he had worked seriously. Since Richard Write had an experience that he does non desire to see any longer, he was able to compose this book, which would state all the readers that favoritism or racism is non a good thing to make. He explained how he had to move as a black adult male ; if he didn # 8217 ; t act like a black adult male, he might hold non gotten the opportunity of composing this book. Richard Write had explained how inkinesss should move as a black, and although many atrocious things were happening about him, he wasn # 8217 ; t able to alter it since he was merely a black adult male. I feel that Richard truly wanted to defy against the white work forces but if he did, he knew that he was traveling to be dead. Although in the beginning of the narrative, he said that, # 8220 ; If anybody tried to kill me, so I would kill them foremost # 8221 ; , as a consequence he wasn # 8217 ; t able to disobey the Whites because he was scared of decease. Since he was able to accommodate to the society that he was in, he was able to gain money and was able to travel to the North to hold a better life.

Free Essays on Dieing Religion

Throughout history man has been trying to find answers to a host of issues. Perhaps the most important ones are â€Å"why are we here?† and â€Å"where do we go from here?† and similar questions. In an effort to provide the answers that we need, we came up with religion. Most of the world’s present religions have some sort of â€Å"super being† or â€Å"main god." These super beings are supposed to be all-powerful and all knowing. Many also have lesser gods and saints. The path or communication channel to these â€Å"main gods† is not usually a clear and direct one between â€Å"main god† and believer. It is usually cluttered with a lot of intermediaries and detours. One important feature of most of these religions is that they usually have some â€Å"super entity† that controls evil. All that is good is as a result of some good entity and all that is bad is as a result of some bad one. Now all of these and other general features serv e an important function, especially in the past. Most (if not all) early civilizations had a large part of their origins in religion. The early pharaohs of ancient Egypt, for example, were considered to be gods. Priests in most of these ancient societies held extremely important and many times powerful posts. Even in modern times, religion continues to play a very important function. The Pope in Rome, once a very powerful figure in centuries past, is still seen by many as very important and relevant. The point to all of this is that as man saw the need to get some sort of community together, religion was used to great effect to help start civilizations. It would have been more difficult if a man was to claim authority on his own - he needed some sort of supernatural authority. This was where religion came in. Without a doubt, religion helped to keep people, communities, and nations together. It is also important to note that religion served another important function providing read y and easy answers and â€Å"solu... Free Essays on Dieing Religion Free Essays on Dieing Religion Throughout history man has been trying to find answers to a host of issues. Perhaps the most important ones are â€Å"why are we here?† and â€Å"where do we go from here?† and similar questions. In an effort to provide the answers that we need, we came up with religion. Most of the world’s present religions have some sort of â€Å"super being† or â€Å"main god." These super beings are supposed to be all-powerful and all knowing. Many also have lesser gods and saints. The path or communication channel to these â€Å"main gods† is not usually a clear and direct one between â€Å"main god† and believer. It is usually cluttered with a lot of intermediaries and detours. One important feature of most of these religions is that they usually have some â€Å"super entity† that controls evil. All that is good is as a result of some good entity and all that is bad is as a result of some bad one. Now all of these and other general features serv e an important function, especially in the past. Most (if not all) early civilizations had a large part of their origins in religion. The early pharaohs of ancient Egypt, for example, were considered to be gods. Priests in most of these ancient societies held extremely important and many times powerful posts. Even in modern times, religion continues to play a very important function. The Pope in Rome, once a very powerful figure in centuries past, is still seen by many as very important and relevant. The point to all of this is that as man saw the need to get some sort of community together, religion was used to great effect to help start civilizations. It would have been more difficult if a man was to claim authority on his own - he needed some sort of supernatural authority. This was where religion came in. Without a doubt, religion helped to keep people, communities, and nations together. It is also important to note that religion served another important function providing read y and easy answers and â€Å"solu...

Kertesz and Cartier-Bresson versus Smith and Salgado Essay

Kertesz and Cartier-Bresson versus Smith and Salgado - Essay Example Salgado and Smith’s photographs seemed to always appear a little bit more obvious, like portraits. The photos are more scripted and it appears that they manipulate their subjects so that they could enhance their photographs to better tell the story. However, in the sense of journalism, it is questionable whether or not it is ethical to tell a story through photographs in methods that are ‘staged’ to be a little bit different than real life. All four photographers were able to capture a story and display a type of emotion with their subject. After evaluating the techniques, if these photographers were photojournalists, it is more ethical to capture a moment as it happens when true emotion is elicited and showing how something really is as it happens. Cartier-Bresson and Kertesz were better at this method because Salgado and Smith’s photography seemed to be too fake or staged rather than capturing a moment truly as it

We were soldiers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

We were soldiers - Essay Example The General and his men were killed at the Little Bighorn Battle. An intuitive leader, Lieutenant Colonel Moore manages to accomplish the unfeasible despite being out-numbered by his enemy; Lt. Col. Moore refuses to surrender and ultimately proves victorious after forcing the Vietnamese troops to leave their headquarters. Lieutenant Colonel Moore uses a variety of supervisory techniques in leading his unit to conquest. The first technique that Lt. Col. Moore applies prior to him and his troops getting to the combat zone; is that of leading through example. A leader earns loyalty and respect after setting example so that others follow. This involves a leader practicing what he or she preaches. The night prior to their departure, Lt. Col. Moore conveys a speech to his unit at a party he had held, where he pledges that although he might not bring all his soldiers alive home; he would be the first to enter the battlefield and the last to leave. He adds that, dead or alive, he would not leave any person behind. He makes sure that each of his men is not left at the battlefield after the battle is over, true to what he had promised. During war, Lt. Col. Moore also leads through example many times; for instance, he refuses to surrender and performs other acts of heroism. The second supervisory strategy that is obvious in Lt. Col. Moore’s leadership is that of treating everyone with dignity and respect. In the same message delivered by Lt. Col. Moore to his men, he factors out that every man in his unit, despite his origin or race, is an essential participant of the troop. â€Å"†¦here in the States some men in this unit may experience discrimination because of race or creed, but for you and me now, all that is gone (Wallace n.pg).† By guaranteeing that everyone recognized this, Lt. Col. Moore was building assurance, self-respect and team cohesiveness that would go a long way in guaranteeing that his unit members trusted each other. Finally, Lt. Col. Moore is

Considering censorship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Considering censorship - Essay Example of a community uses in order to maintain community’s values and ideals against real (or imagined) â€Å"bad† effects caused by media and thought to impact negatively on community’s core values and ideals. Typically, media censorship is controversial. That is why one finds strong opponents as well as staunch advocates on both sides. But when has censorship – of whatever form – ever managed to subdue rights to thought, information, and freedom? Indeed, censorship may not only impact, for example, on quality and meaning of a performance in an entertainment show but also on how people think – or made to think – of how and when community’s values and ideals should be, well, protected. Precedents are abundant. The Ed Sullivan Show, a well-known American entertainment show over thirty years (1940’s – 1970’s) provides more than illuminating examples on how censorship can impact on people’s perception of community’s values and ideals. Perhaps Bob Dylan’s response to Ed Sullivan Show’s producers speaks persuasively of an artist’s expression of community’s at large accepted values as opposed to censors’ control on meaning and perception: We fought for the song [â€Å"Talkin John Birch Society Blues"] ... I said I couldnt understand why they [John Birch Society, an extremist right-winged group] were being given such protection. But the network [CBS, where Ed Sullivan Show is aired] turned us down. They told us they understood and sym ­pathized ... but insisted they had previously handled the Birch Society on network news programmes, and couldnt take the subject into entertainment. (qtd. in Inglis 561) Another good example from same show is how producers’ censorship forced The Rolling Stones to drop â€Å"Night† from â€Å"Let’s Spend The Night Together,† making song’s tag line sounds odd given song’s overall meaning. Interestingly, entertainment – of all media shows and programs – impacts human mind in many different ways.

Changes During the Ageing Process

Changes During the Ageing Process Physiological and sociological ageing is an unpreventable process to which, each individual goes through. Although each ageing process varies greatly from each individual to another it tends to speed up as we age. â€Å"Ageing can be defined as increasing the number and proportion of elderly in society† (Calasanti Kathleen, 2006) We age from the moment we are born, however the changes that occurs during ageing results from losses that is gradual overtime. It is said that loses can often start from young adulthood (mid 20’s-30’s) because our bodies being able to adjust and maintain health in most individuals, it is said the loss in not shown until later on in life. â€Å"We lose 1% of organ functionality per year from the age of 30 years old† (Martin GM, 2007) â€Å"the majority of these changes are not seen until after age 70† (Critchley, 1931, 1934) The considerable difference in the rate of ageing and organ efficiency lies within the presence of disease and/or the ability of the body to adapt to external stress. The three main models of changes that we need to focus on during our ageing process are; physical, psychological and social. At any given time, one can be effected or all of them together which can impact on a person’s quality of life. As we’re all unique in our own right, each person’s ageing process can be different ageing cycle. â€Å"The pensioner population is expected to rise despite the increase in the women’s state pension age to 65 between 2010 and 2020 and the increase for both men and women from 65 to 68 between 2024 and 2046.† (Parliament, 2010) According to the NHS, individuals are living longer than ever before and our society is expanding. With the NHS explaining that â€Å"with the fastest rise in the ‘oldest old’, means that the overall number of people in our society withhealth or care needs has risen. In turn, this has altered the very nature of our health and care services, with older people now the biggest users† As we get older, it is common for some memory loss such as forgetting names or appointments, this is normal due to â€Å"memory being affected by age, stress, tiredness, or certain illnesses and medications† (NHS, 2014) Typically common illnesses and diseases occurs (however not exclusive to elderly individuals) is Dementia, Cancer and also Arthritis. Dementia is a progressive disease. Affecting all parts of the brain such as the frontal lobe, occipital lobes, temporal lobe, and parietal lobe. â€Å"Dementia is a syndrome (a group of related symptoms) associated with an ongoing decline of the brain and its abilities. This includes problems with: memory loss, thinking speed, mental agility, language, understanding, judgement† (NHS, 2014) According to the Alzheimer’s Society there are â€Å"around 800,000 people in the UK with dementia. Current statistics show that one in three people over 65 will develop dementia, and two thirds of people with dementia are women†. Research undertaken by Alzheimer’s Society has shown that young people also develop dementia and it is not exclusive to elderly people. According to Cancer Research, 2013 â€Å"Cancer is a disease caused by normal cells changing so that they grow in an uncontrolled way. The uncontrolled growth causes a lump called a tumour to form†. Age Concern UK, conducted a study in the years between 2009-2011 and found that the most top 5 cancer diagnosed for men aged 75 and over is prostate, lung, bowel, bladder and stomach cancer. Their research also found that the top 5 commonly cancer being diagnosed for women over 75 and over; breast, bowel, lung, pancreas and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma cancer. Also shown during this research was that â€Å"36% of all cancers are diagnosed in the elderly† (UK, 2009-2011) Arthritis is not exclusive to elderly people and it is a myth to say that â€Å"only elderly people have arthritis† it also affects younger individuals also. â€Å"Arthritis is a common condition that causes pain and inflammation within a joint. In the UK, around 10 million people have arthritis. Two of the most commonare osteoarthritisand rheumatoid arthritis.† (NHS, 2012) According to Arthritis Research UK, 2013: â€Å"Osteoarthritis is a common form of arthritis statistic shows that 8.5 million people are affected by Osteoarthritis.† â€Å"In people affected by osteoarthritis, the cartilage (connective tissue) between their bones gradually wastes away, leading to painful rubbing of bone on bone in the joints. The most frequently affected joints are in the hands, spine, knees and hips. Osteoarthritis often develops in people who are over 50 years of age. However, it can develop at any age as a result of an injury or another joint-related condition† (NHS, 2012) â€Å"The psychological aspect of ageing is a phase of personal integrity with despair† (Erik Erikson, 1950) during the final stages of the cycle of life; the individual is often seeking a sense of integrity and trying to avoid a sense of despair. Elder age often becomes a time of reflecting back on their life which allows a return of events during their own personal lifetime. â€Å"To the extent we have succeeded in effectively solving the problems that had arisen at every stage of life, we have developed a sense of completion and fullness that is to say, the feeling of full life† (Gullette, 2004). Societies views on ageing has been deemed as somewhat negative, it has been argued that the older population can be wrongly so, be a drain on society. Due to advantages in modern medicine and technology it has been clearly proven that there is a better quality of life for older people. The government has also contributed in helping improve quality of life to over 65’s by providing; state pension, free TV licence, free bus pass, winter fuel allowance, help with care nursing fee’s* (if individual doesn’t have any form of assets such as property*) and legislations in place for best interests of individuals and pushing them to remain independent where possible by staying in their own home rather than carting off elderly people into nursing homes or care homes once they reach retirement age. Elderly individuals do also contribute back to society such as volunteering, childcare for grandchildren and also, most continue to work and pay their taxes after the â€Å"state pension age† of 61 and 68 years old. Ageing is different from one individual to another because all human beings are unique in their own right, it’s hard to pinpoint how the ageing process affects each individual physical, intellectual abilities and psychological quality of life however, individuals needs change as they age and in order to meet a standard of quality of life their needs should be simultaneously met where possible. During life, we all often begin to experiences many types of losses this can include loss of many things such as material things; health, jobs, homes. Death of relatives, friends and pets. At times, this can come all at once or spaced out nevertheless; losing an object or an individual close to you can be overwhelming sadness period in anyone’s life which can result in problems physically and mentally such as depression. Dr Elisabeth Kà ¼bler-Ross’s pioneering research on grief and grieving has made a significant indent on the bereavement and support care of those individuals that are grieving. In fact such an idea or understanding of grief was a rare and novel idea before Dr Elisabeth Kà ¼bler-Ross 1969 research which inaugurated her â€Å"five stages of grief† which is detailed as; first stage, shock and denial and sometimes overwhelming, the second stage is anger. Dr Kà ¼bler-Ross explains that the realisation of reality emerges after the initial shock. The feelings of anger may be directed at the loved one whom passed over or people around the person who is grieving. Following from that the third stage of grief is said to be bargaining, the person who is grieving can be thinking the classic â€Å"should of, could of, would of† †¦ I wish I would have done this, I wish I would have done that. I wish I would have told them this, seen them more before passing etc. forth s tage of the process is said to be depression, a mixture feelings of sadness and mourning and the final stage of the process is acceptance; this phase is a mixture of accepting what has happened, knowing that you cannot change the past. Allowing themselves to continue living after a loved one has passed without feeling guilty about â€Å"moving on†. Although the five stages of grief model was initially developed to help health care professionals around the world understand the grief of their patients and their relatives who are on the verge of passing over, it has now been comprehensively adopted by individuals around the world not just medical professions but individuals who are facing to be in a situation of their loved ones passing over. The stages are arguably an experience during which, the sorrowful process of the experience of grief are somewhat, easier to understand the grieving process. The idea also provided an in-depth understanding of grief and for helping others cope through personal trauma of grief. Going through grief is understandably, one of the hardest things an individual can ever go through, but realising that they don’t have to do it all by their selves can help â€Å"ease† the pain from grieving. These days there is lot of support groups available for people who are grieving. The support groups can benefit others by sharing their loss and pain by openly talking about their circumstances and feelings is an active step for them to work through their pain and come to term with that has happened to them. Another positive is that by sharing the loss and pain with others going through the same thing, eventually the individuals find themselves giving compassion and reaching out to help others within the support group with the hope they will survive through the terrible personal trauma of grief. Although many theories has been developed regarding the ageing process, the theory of disengagement has generated the most interest to this day (Cumming Henry, 1961) according to their theory; â€Å"as people age, they tend to withdraw from society, and this can be mutual, with society†. Cumming Henry had argued â€Å"this was a consequence of people learning within their limitations with age and making way for new generations of people the fill their roles†. However, it is said that the disengagement theory is controversial, and many individuals do not agree with it. One negativity of disengagement is the low self-esteem that can occur of disengaging. This could have a knock on effect of simply â€Å"not engaging† with others if they believe they are not â€Å"worth it†. â€Å"This qualitative change will accompany the quantitative reduction in social interaction taking place between the elderly and society† (Masoro, 2006). Within diverse societies, it is argued that the disengagement theory is a negative one. When the disengagement theory was created by Cumming Henry, the tradition within society back then was allowing older people to live at home with their families rather than using any form of nursing and residential care. The activity theory was originally developed by Robert J. Havighurst in 1961; originally the activity theory was conceived as a response to then, the recently published disengagement theory of ageing. As mentioned above, the disengagement model suggested that it is natural for elderly to disengage completely from society when they realise that they are close to their death. According to activity theorists, as people interact with their environment and each other, they achieve a series of outcomes. As individuals engage within activities, it gives them something to focus on and keeps themselves as well as their brains active which can minimise depression and feelings of being unwanted. The activity theory has been to understand the emotional changes within ageing adults. Research has found that elderly individuals that has remained in employment, or being able to peruse hobbies or day centres etc. can actually improve a quality of life as it keeps themselves busy and actively engaging with others can improve their self-esteem dramatically. As we’re all unique in our own right, it’s hard to define ageing process for every single human being. But on average, whilst most over 60’s might still be in employment, having independence and remaining in their own home and others might be unable to mobilize and lost their independence and residing in a care home. Following from research of this essay, as long as all elder individuals needs and preferences are met, their quality of life is at a high standard and appropriate help and support is available then processing through the later adult ageing process will be significantly easier for the individual going through the ageing process and dealing with complications that can occur such as higher risk of developing illnesses that can occur as we age.

Essay examples --

The Regulators By: Anika Khanderia What was the Regulator Movement? The Regulator Movement (also known as the War of the Regulation, or the Regulator uprising) was an uprising that took place in the Carolinas from 1765 to 1771 when citizens of both colonies took up arms against corrupt colonial officials. Historians consider the Regulator Movement to be a catalyst to the American Revolution, even though it was unsuccessful. Causes of the Uprising Many factors influenced the uprising that took place in the Carolinas during the 1760s and 70s. Firstly, many people emigrated from the urban northeast to the rural southwest during the 1760s which created a huge population increase in the Carolinas (as noted by the Censuses). The once agricultural inland section that was populated by planters was upsetted as merchants and lawyers headed westward. At the same time, the local agricultural economy was experiencing a deep economic depression due to the severe droughs that had occured throughout the past decade. The loss of crops cut out the average farmers'/planters' main food source as well a...

Case Study Report – Motorola

This case is about implementation of a new â€Å"shared vision† concept within The Analog Division of Motorola Company. In 1993 Analog division was a major manufacturer of analog products in the world and had its divisions in many different countries. In other words the division had strong global presence. In order to create more efficient global company, Alison and John have decided to develop new shared vision within The Analog Division where managers would be involved directly and indirectly in the decision making process. Before the new vision development, Analog Division and its managers was very limited in decision making. Because they had such a strong global presence their vision didn’t work. The problem was that they were not open to new global ideas or possible obstacles where managers around the world would make decisions together. Visioning process of Motorola’s Analog Division had number of cultural challenges. One of the challenges was the difference in the way different cultures perceived concept of â€Å"shared vision†. One of the key words in the vision statement was â€Å"family† and â€Å"union†. For instance, people in China take the word â€Å"family† literally and in their own setting this word is not appropriately applicable to vision statement. Another challenge was getting managers to think globally and get accustomed to the concept of shared vision. Many of the managers from different countries had their own cultural ways of doing things and to open ones ideas to others was hard to achieve. Alison and John had hard time communicating to managers that this idea is not imposed on them. The major barrier in the vision implementation was the language. Sometimes, the same words in one language have very different meaning in another. The following quote is good example of the language and communication style perception: â€Å"Good communication American style is to say what you mean precisely, in as straightforward a manner as possible. Be direct, get to the point, and say what the bottom line is. For other cultures, this style is rude, abrasive and self-centered†. (http://www. frugalmarketing. com/dtb/xcultcomm. html) Therefore, Alison and John were trying to be careful about this issue. They had vision statement written in five different languages. The important thing was that the vision statement was not just literally translated but rather adjusted to its own culture so people of that division have clear understanding of the vision. First cultural misstep that Alison and John made was their lack of research prior to the task. They have conducted research reg arding managers and the ways they communicate decisions overseas. They also gained insight of the success of each division but what they failed to consider some of the psychological cultural differences. They overlooked possibility of different reactions among the managers based on their background. For instance, some managers were afraid to lose their jobs where in fact that was not the case. We can see that from this quote† Every culture possesses a unique mixture of attitudes, values, and social expectations. I think that Seven Tasks process definitely added significant value to the final results. The way the tasks were broken down helped both, managers and Alison to have a better grasp of the vision statement process. It was easier to account for details and to adjust to reactions by going through steps. Phase four will definitely be challenging one. Working in a group is one thing but agreeing on the process could be challenging especially where different cultures are agreeing on one thing. Another additional challenge is taking the vision to the future and building upon it.

The Role of Rational Management in Organizations

The Role of Rational Management in Organizations Rational approaches are systematic methods that follow one-step after the other, in a process of decision-making. The use of this rationale in an organisation involves collecting quantitative data through observation or statistics in the field, in preparation of coming up with long-term decisions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Rational Management in Organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most of the organisation has benefited by this approach, as the organisations leaders mostly prefer it. In every organisation, it is the role of the leaders mostly referred to as managers to come up with policies, strategies, and policies, which can enable the company to attain its short and long-term objectives (Morgan, 2006). It is the wish of every manager to place his or her company at a competitive edge compared to rest in the market. Currently, the business environment is very challenging, and this aspect is calling for the manager to come up with the best approaches to be applied in solving problems and making the relevant decisions within the organisation (Robbins, 2006). This paper will focus on the reasons as to why managers prefer the use of rational approaches, and how they benefit from using open systems. Rationality in Management Every organisation relies on the decisions of the top management, hence why the managers need to be very careful in every step they make in their duties. The major role of management is to mentor the employees, as well as providing a good environment for them, to promote their performances (Jugnor, 2008). The managers ensure that all employees are aware of their duties, and they have the required resources to enable them execute their responsibilities. The way through which managers mentor their juniors matters a lot, as he is dealing with employees of different personalities and capabilities. In an organisation, there are rational leaders and ration al managers. Rational readers ensure that there is the development of the necessary mechanisms to be used in learning, and staff participation in an organisation (Thompson McHugh, 2002). Through the guidance of a rational leader, the organisation gets the best strategic decisions to handle the major challenges faced by the organisation. Rational decisions aid the smooth running of the day-to-day activities of the employees.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Several organizations have proved to be more competitive in terms of quality of their goods or services, punctuality, and acceptability of its decisions to the society through the guidance given by its rational managers and leaders. The most important aspect of applying rational approaches by the managers or the leaders is that, for the decision they make to be fully implemented, the acceptability by the human ca pital in the organisation should be put into consideration. Engaging the subordinate in the process of decision-making is very important for the whole organisation, as they would understand the rules better, and their suggestions would be incorporated in the process. Rational management provides a good environment for learning to be utilized by the employees, so that they can develop a positive culture of the organisation (Audner, 2007). Whenever the employees realize that their efforts and success within an organisation are recognized, they work tirelessly towards achieving their set targets. There is no single effort of an employee that should go unnoticed, as this would be motivating them to put extra efforts in their duties. Another important reason of rational management within an organisation is encouraging the spirit of teamwork. Through working in teamwork, employees learn from each other, and individuals have a chance to demonstrate their talents in areas that they are expe rtise. Team works in an organisation is good initiatives for sharing knowledge and experiences, hence each one of them get a good chance to gain more knowledge and improve their skills. For instance, Jet blue airway company is a good example of the companies that have a culture of promoting learning within its employees (Webner, 2007). This company has diversified its services ton some training institutes where its employees can be trained to keep them, updated and fully equipped to meet the current demands of their clients in the market.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Rational Management in Organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This form of learning is very crucial, as it is an initiative of having qualified employees who are competent in their duties. During the annual general meetings of coca cola Company, the best performers are severally seen being rewarded as a way of recognising their ef forts. This is a very crucial culture of motivating the employees through such practices, as every employee would wish to be the best performer and be recognised. Currently, the business world is very competitive, and it is the duty of any organisation to come up with unique strategies and out stand among its competitors (Dragna, 2005). It has been a challenge to most of the organisation, as through what way, an organisation can stand out among its competitors. The availability of effective top management, who are innovative, can place an organisation at a very competitive edge in the market. The aspect of creativity needs also to be applied in all areas of production, marketing, as well as in handling the clients. Rational management has always created a good opportunity for managers and leaders to exploit their potential fully. The different levels of management have different policies that can be applied by the managers in developing and mentoring the human resource capital withi n the organisation. According to the research done concerning the levels of management, it is evident that, there is not a single moment when the capability of a manager is fully exploited (Jugnor, 2008). Therefore, managers should take such opportunities to utilize their capabilities for the benefit of the employees and the entire organisation. Benefits of open/natural systems approach Several benefits are associated with the application of open/natural systems within an organisation. To begin with, through the application of this system, the management realizes the importance of the external environment to the organisation. There is a dire need for any organisation to have a good relationship with the external environment, as some external factors can impose negative effects to the organisation.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Good and health relationships with the surrounding environment, the organisation needs to apply its ethical values, and adopt corporate social responsibilities (Beauttah, 2008). Good relationships with the external environments would also increase the clients’ coverage for the organisation. There is always well-structured human resource management in an organisation with natural systems approach. The managers develop themselves as well as other employees through making use of numerous training programs created by the organisation. Team leaders liaise with the top management in conducting training within the organisation, and the learning spirit is highly developed within an organisation (Beauttah, 2008). Through such activities, team leaders and the top managers get a good chance to learn from one another especially the best ways of handling major challenges that they encounter. A good example of a company with a well-structured human resource is Adidas Ltd. Where the top man agers are seen benefiting from an open system as well as juniors (Jugnor, 2008). Employees are given an opportunity to develop their knowledge through learning, while the managers enjoy a well-structured leadership plan. Through this, everyone within the organisation gets a good opportunity to exploit his or her potential fully. In addition, those organisations that apply open systems give the managers a good chance of interacting freely with their subordinates. During the processes of decision-making, the subordinates are included in the process, as their views are considered very crucial (Hodge William, 2003). This makes them feel catered for and respect between them, and their bosses are enhanced. During refreshing games within the organisation, the managers mix freely with the juniors and get a chance to challenge one another with their talents. Such actions are promoters of a free communication within an organisation hence reducing chances of making some serious mistakes by ei ther the management team, or by the employees. Any employee be it a manager or a junior there is always an open opportunity to recommend, or suggest something to make acquiring the organisations targets easier. For instance, the internal business journals of Unilever ltd., the ideas and suggestions of the company improvement are seen to come from the top management as well as from the juniors (Beauttah, 2008). This is a good show of open expressions within an organisation, whereby, it is the responsibility of everyone within the organisation to ensure there is success. Conclusion In conclusion, a rational management style brings about effective communication styles, whereby the flow of information is clear from the top management down to the juniors. The feedback from the employees is also received in a good manner, whereby the employees do not feel intimidated. The communication ion such organization is a two-way system, such that when the managers send the information to the junio r, juniors are expected to provide their diverse feedback with suggestions whenever it is necessary (McAuley Duberley, 2007). Rational management is a system that is currently appreciated in most organizations, because its effects are moving organisations in a positive way. This is the reason behind most of the managers preferring applying it in their organisations. An open system of management is another beneficial approach that is appreciated by most of the managers. This is because of the chance they get to be motivated and to motivate their juniors. This approach brings about an expanded path of developing everyone skills and talents within an organisation. Reference List Audner, M. (2007). Organisational Theory. British Journal of Management , 50 72. Beauttah, W. (2008). Work Employment and Society. Journal of Management ,15-50. Dragna, P. (2005). Managerial Practices. Journal of Management Studies , 95 135. Hodge, B., William, A. (2003). Organisation theory: a strategic appr oach.  Michigan: Prentice Hall. Jugnor, M. (2008). Effective Management. Journal of Work and Occupations, 25-59. McAuley, J., Duberley, J. (2007). Organisation theory: challenges and  perspectives. New York: Prentice Hall. Morgan, G. (2006). Images of Organization. Thousand Oaks: Sage. Robbins, S. (2006). Organisational Theory: Concepts Cases. Sydney: Prentice Hall. Thompson, P., McHugh, D. (2002). Work Organisations: A Critical introduction.  Hampshire: Palgrave. Webner, J. (2007). Human Relations. British Journal of industrial Relations , 132 165.